Difference Between the English and Māori Versions of the Treaty of Waitangi: Treaty of Waitangi | Social Studies

Welcome to another post. For Social Studies, we looked at the differences between the English and Māori versions of the Treaty of Waitangi and their differences. We were given a summary of the Treaty and had to find the differences between both versions.

The signing of the Treaty of Waitangi
Credit: Painting of the treaty signing by Marcus King, 1938 (Alexander Turnbull Library, G-821-2)
https://nzhistory.govt.nz/the-treaty-of-waitangi-is-signed

Treaty of Waitangi Māori and English Version

The Treaty of Waitangi - shown to British / everyone else	Te Tiriti o Waitangi - shown to Māori (English Translation)
Māori to give up complete sovereignty to Britain. This meant Māori came under complete control of the British government and laws.	Māori to give up governorship (Kāwanatanga). For Māori, this meant Queen Victoria became the sovereign of New Zealand. However, Māori chiefs still had control of their tribes.
Māori is guaranteed their ‘possession of their lands, estates, forests, fisheries, and other properties’.  The British crown has the pre-emptive right to buy Māori land that is offered for sale. That meant Māori could only sell to the British government.	Māori have full chieftainship (rangatiratanga) of their lands, villages and possessions and everything they treasure — language, culture, etc. If Māori wanted to sell their land, they had to first offer it to the British crown at an agreed price. If the British crown did not agree, land could then be sold to someone else.
Māori have the same rights as British subjects.	The British will protect Māori. Māori have the same rights as British subjects.

Differences between the British and Māori translations

In the British (English) version of the Treaty of Waitangi, it is said that Māori will give up complete sovereignty to Britain. However, in the Māori version, it is said that the Māori will only give up sovereignty, not complete sovereignty. Another difference is that in the English version, it is said that Māori is under the complete control of the British government, unlike the Māori version, where Queen Victoria became the sovereign of New Zealand and Māori chiefs still had control of their tribes. Māori thought that they can control their tribes, but they weren’t.

In the Māori version, taonga (treasured possession) and protection of language and culture are included, however, in the English version, it isn’t written. Another difference is that the British has the right to buy Māori land offered in sale, but in the Māori version, the Māori had to first offer it to the British crown, if they want to sell their land, with an agreed price; the land would be sold to someone else then if the British crown did not agree to the price.

In the Māori version of the Treaty, it was told that the British will protect Māori, but in the English version, it wasn’t written in the treaty.

In my opinion, I think the Treaty is different because the British want to be superior over Māori and gain profits out of the Treaty, meaning Māori will get less in return.

Is this the world's fastest electric plane?: Reflection Section | Wānanga

Text title: Is this the world's fastest electric plane? 

Text type: Article

Text creator: Stuff

Critical Literacy Question: What views of the world is the text presenting?

Date: 23rd November 2021

What views of the world is the text presenting?

I think the world is slowly trying to cut down emissions by taking small steps, like how Rolls-Royce made the fastest electric plane, which would make the planet a better place. However, the aircraft just went for a test, but, Sounds Air is hoping to fly passengers across Cook Strait in an all-electric plane by 2026, which I hope to come out soon, this is because it will encourage other airline companies to use all-electric planes and reduce greenhouse gases.

Brief:

The 'Spirit of Innovation'
Credit: John M. Dibbis/Rolls-Royce
https://www.stuff.co.nz/travel/green-travel/127072304/is-this-the-worlds-fastest-electric-plane

Rolls-Royce has broken the record for the fastest all-electric plane aircraft. The aircraft, 'Spirit of Innovation', has hit the top speed of 623km/h during its test runs in the UK last week.

The Rolls-Royce CEO, Warren East, says that it is a "fantastic achievement".

Warren East said that “following the world’s focus on the need for action at COP26, this is another milestone that will help make ‘jet zero’ a reality and supports our ambitions to deliver the technology breakthroughs society needs to decarbonise transport across air, land and sea.”

Phill O'Dell, the pilot, said that it was the highlight of his career. “The opportunity to be at the forefront of another pioneering chapter of Rolls-Royce’s story as we look to deliver the future of aviation is what dreams are made of.”

The airline, Sounds Air expects to fly passengers across Cook Strait in electric planes by 2026 and aims to become the first in Australasia to offer customers zero-emission air travel.

Adapted from: https://www.stuff.co.nz/travel/green-travel/127072304/is-this-the-worlds-fastest-electric-plane

Rocket Lab to launch New Zealand's first lunar mission: Reflection Section | Wānanga

Text title: Rocket Lab to launch New Zealand's first lunar mission

Text type: Article

Text creator: RNZ (Radio New Zealand)

Text purpose: To inform viewers about Rocket Lab launching New Zealand's first moon mission.

Critical Literacy Question: What questions about itself does the text not raise?

Date: 15 November 2021

What questions about itself does the text not raise?

I think the article should include about why is Rocket Lab launching the mission for NASA -- because NASA could've built it themselves. However, it is a good opportunity for the nation.

Brief:

Credit: https://www.rnz.co.nz/news/national/448687/rocket-lab-to-launch-new-zealand-s-first-lunar-mission

An artist's concept of the future moon landing under the Artemis Program.
Credit: https://www.space.com/artemis-program.html & NASA

Later this year, Rocket Lab is going to launch its first mission to the Moon from the Māhia Peninsula. This will be the space company's first mission beyond the low Earth orbit (LEO) and the first lunar mission to be launched from New Zealand.

This mission by Rocket Lab will be launching for NASA, which is working on plans to send astronauts to the Moon "again".

Dubbing to the Artemis program (an ongoing space mission run by NASA), NASA wants to send the first woman astronaut and next male astronaut on the Moon's South Pole by 2024 -- and establish a long-term presence there.

An illustration of the Gateway - built with commercial partners, used for long-term exploration.
Credit: https://www.nasa.gov/gateway/overview

The satellite will test out the orbit and navigating technologies NASA wants to use for its mini-space station, Gateway - an outpost orbiting the moon, providing vital support for a long-term human return to the lunar surface.

Rocket Lab spokesperson Morgan Bailey said, "this is the very first step in NASA's plans to return humans to the surface of the Moon, something that we have not done since the 1970s."

The small launch vehicle has never been used to launch a mission to the Moon. The contract is valued at just under $10 million. Rocket Lab said that it is one of the most affordable lunar launches undertaken.

Adapted from:

• https://www.rnz.co.nz/news/national/448687/rocket-lab-to-launch-new-zealand-s-first-lunar-mission
• https://www.rmg.co.uk/stories/topics/nasa-moon-mission-artemis-program-launch-date
• https://www.nasa.gov/gateway/overview/

4G Mobile Network on The Moon!?: Reflection Section | Wānanga

Text title: The moon's getting a 4G mobile network

Text type: Article

Text creator: Anne Kauranen | Reuters       (Reporting by Anne Kauranen; Editing by Edmund Blair and Pravin Char)

Critical Literacy Question: What do the words suggest?

Date: 8th November 2021 

What do the words suggest?

The words in the article, 'The moon's getting a 4G mobile network', written by Reuters, suggest returning of humans, future settling and human settlements on the moon. 

For instance, in this article, NASA has selected Nokia to build the first cellular network on the moon. Nokia has said that the first wireless broadband communications system in space will be built on the lunar surface.

I believe that this mission will help simplify the communication errors between the astronauts and the control centre on Earth. 

Credits: https://newatlas.com/vodafone-nokia-moon-4g/53591/

Credits: https://www.esa.int/ESA_Multimedia/Images/2020/10/Testing_lunar_4G_operations
Copyright: Nokia

Brief:

Nokia has been selected by NASA to build the first cellular network on the moon, as stated by the Finnish company, as the U.S. space agency projects a future where humans establish lunar settlements. Nokia has claimed that the first wireless broadband communications system in space would be built on the lunar surface in late 2022 before humans make it there.

According to the company, the network will establish a 4G/LTE communications system on the moon, though the am would be to eventually switch to 5G. This would allow astronauts voice and video communications capabilities, and allow data exchange, as well as remote control of lunar rovers and other robotic devices. It will be designed to withstand extreme conditions of the launch of the lunar landing and to operate in space.

Adapted from: https://www.reuters.com/article/nokia-nasa-moon-idUSKBN2741JR

Declaration of Independence: Treaty of Waitangi | Social Studies

Welcome to another post. Today, in Social Studies, we looked at the Declaration of Independence of New Zealand, which also links in with the Treaty of Waitangi. We had to watch a video, and had to answer some questions relating from the video.

Declaration of Independence

• What does declare mean?

To announce, to say it aloud.

• What does independent mean?

Free from control, to not rely on someone else, and not in anyone’s authority. 

• Which country did Aotearoa begin trading with? Why not other countries?

The French and other countries tried to trade and didn’t go well. It was the British that Māori traded with successfully and peacefully.

• What is the Treaty of Waitangi?

A Treaty of Waitangi was signed on 6 February 1840 between the representatives of the British Crown and the Māori chiefs in Waitangi. It takes the name from the place where it was first signed. The main purpose of this treaty was to protect the Māori culture and enable Māori to continue living in New Zealand as Māori. Simultaneously, the Treaty gave the Crown the right to govern the nation and represent the interests of all New Zealanders. This treaty included the 3 principles of partnership, participation, and protection.  

However, after the signing of the treaty, the land was lost through a combination of private and Government purchases, outright confiscation, and Native Land Court practices that made it difficult for Māori to maintain their land under traditional ownership structures. Also, there were purchases of Māori land prior to the signing of the Treaty of Waitangi.

• What is the Declaration of Independence?

The declaration of independence was signed in 1835 by 35 Rangatira (Māori leaders) and four British residents. It proclaimed the sovereign independence of New Zealand before the signing of the Treaty of Waitangi in 1840.

Māori Values: Treaty of Waitangi | Social Studies

Welcome to another post. Around two weeks ago, in Social Studies, we looked at Māori values in the new topic: Treaty of Waitangi and had to write down (in our own words), what is Mana, Tapu and Utu. 

What is Mana?

Mana often referred to as (social) status, is when a person, with mana, had a presence. Rangatira (chiefs) in particular, recognised the need to keep their mana as high as possible.

Mana is influenced by the behaviour of people and groups and was found through achievements and successes. Māori defended their mana in everyday matter and tried to enhance their mana whenever possible.

The control over European traders (and after 1814 missionaries) became a phase of pursuit of mana. Rivals were not allowed to reap the advantages of access to these new arrivals without a challenge.

What is Tapu?

The life of a Māori has been restricted by the placing of tapu on people and places. It is controlled by how people behave towards each other and the environment; this has been protecting people and the natural environment.

Something that is disrespectful - sitting on tables

What is Utu?

Utu, or referred to as ‘revenge’, has a broader meaning: the preservation of balance and harmony within society.

Utu is the form of gift exchange that established and maintained social connections and responsibility.

How could these values cause conflict with Europeans?

The idea of mana, tapu and utu were sources of both order and conflict with the Māori society.