5 Leadership Styles

Last week, the year 9's started learning about leadership. We first took an introduction about leadership, what's the purpose of leadership, what are the qualities of a good leader, and some types of leadership. 

After that, we had to find out about our leadership style and how we made decisions by taking a quiz. After taking the quiz, we were given a score out of 90. 

If your score is between,

    18-34    You need to work on your leadership skills.

    35-52    You're doing OK as a leader, but you have potential to do much better.

    53-90    Excellent! You're well on your way to becoming a good leader.

My score was 73, which I'm on my way to become a good leader.

Screenshot of my score - 73

After the quiz, we were given our first task, to identify the five styles of leadership with a definition of what it looks like, in our own words. Each leadership style should have a famous example that relates to the style (they cannot be used more than once). 

What is leadership?

Leadership is the ability to lead an individual, team, or organisation to 'lead', influence or guide other individuals, teams, or organisations. 

I created a Powtoon showing my work. I hope you like it.

 

People Are Sometimes Horrible To People They Like

People are sometimes horrible to people they like 

It may sound strange, but sometimes bullies are mean to people that they like. They’re so afraid they won’t be liked back, they start to behave badly, almost as a way of showing how little they care, because caring is painful for them (it reminds them they might not be wanted). 

It is uncomfortable to want something that you can’t have, so sometimes we reinvent how much we ever wanted the missing element in the first place. When it becomes clear that something — it could be a toy, a friend, a holiday — can never be ours, we re-evaluate how much it means to us. It takes strength to hold on to the idea that something might be precious and yet out of our reach. 

Imagine being 9 and entering a class at the start of the year when you notice an extraordinary new pupil: taller than you, with nice eyes, cool clothes and an intelligent smile. They’re one of the most charming people you have ever encountered. They are also out of your league. You might long to become their friend. You might want to share jokes and chit chat, but this kind of attempt could also hurt. So, to reduce the pain, you might decide you do not care. To show you don’t care — to yourself and to the person you like — you become a bit nasty. You try to spoil what you cannot have. You become mean where you would, at one level, have wanted to be sweet. You call them a stuck-up idiot and worse, you organise a group to torment them; you steal their scarf. It sounds odd, but it can happen to us all. 

So the next time that you find someone being mysteriously mean to you, without any arrogance, keep one thought in mind: maybe they want to be your friend and they’re just scared you won’t want to be friends with them. 

1. Why do bullies behave badly?

1. There’re so afraid they won’t be liked back

2. What are bullies hiding when they pretend they don’t care?

1. The fear of rejection

3. What is important to keep in mind the next time you meet a bully?

1. If they want to be your friend or they’re just scared you won’t be friends with them.

Why People Bully - Happy Healthy Minds | Wānanga

Why People Bully

Around bullying we’re meeting a big idea about why people behave badly. 

People behave badly — they get angry or they do and say mean things — when they are afraid of something. Usually you can’t see what they are afraid of and they don’t tell you. They feel they can’t explain their fear, and they are worried that if they tried to explain no one would understand. So they cover up their fears. They try to look as if they aren’t afraid at all. Maybe this happens to you sometimes. 

There’s an old story about this. Once, a very long time ago in Egypt, there was a boy called Androcles. He lived in a village. Every night, all the people in the village could hear a lion roaring not far away in the desert. The lion sounded angry; sometimes the lion would approach the village walls and in the moonlight they could see it stretching out its sharp claws and baring its huge teeth. It looked mean and horrible. 

One day, Androcles was playing near some caves and it started to rain. He went to shelter in a cave. It would have been a good place to stay dry… except there, lying at the back, was the lion. As soon as it saw Androcles, the lion jumped up and started making a terrible noise. Androcles was terrified. But, now he was close, he realised there was something strange about the noise the lion was making. It was almost as if the lion was crying. Then Androcles noticed that there was a big thorn sticking into the lion’s paw. That was what had been making the lion so angry: it was in pain. It had been suffering for a long time, but it could never tell anyone what was wrong and it didn’t know how to get the thorn out on its own. Quietly, Androcles went up to the lion and gently pulled out the thorn. The lion stopped roaring and lay down quietly and became the boy’s friend. 

It’s only a story — obviously it would be a bad idea to try to take a thorn out of a lion’s paw — but it makes an important point. Lots of people are like this lion. They shout or they get angry, they look mean and threatening, but actually they are suffering. They don’t have a thorn sticking into their hand. They have a different kind of pain, in their mind rather than in their body. Maybe they feel like no one loves them. Maybe they feel ashamed because they know they have been horrible. 

Maybe they are sad about something; they could be worried that they will be laughed at or that someone is going to get angry with them. If someone is behaving badly, and not being nice, it is helpful to ask: what’s the thorn in their mind? You probably won’t know the answer. But imagining what the answer might be makes a big difference to how you see this person. Here’s how a search for a thorn might go…

What was the upsetting thing?	What was the thorn?
Mum was angry and shouted at me	She has a very difficult relationship with her sister
Dad won’t let me spend more time on my iPad	He is really worried about his work right now
My friend is not talking with me	He is upset about his personal life and what is going around him.
My sibling doesn’t want to play with me	I wasn’t playing with them before.

How Someone Becomes Bully - Happy Healthy Minds | Wānanga

How Someone Becomes Bully

Sometimes other people upset us by accident. They might bump into us or they say something that hurts us, but they’re not setting out to make us unhappy. But with a bully it’s different: a bully wants us to feel miserable. You might be happily doing something on your own and a bully comes up and says something horrible, just to make you feel bad. In this section we are only going to be talking about bullies who say mean things. There is another kind of bully who can be physically threatening. Physical danger is something you have to talk to a grown-up about — as is the worst kind of verbal danger too. 

Let’s ask a difficult question: why does the bully say mean things? Why do they want to upset other people? 

The answer is surprising: the bully is frightened. This can be hard to believe, because a bullying person doesn’t look scared or frightened. Sometimes they look as if they aren’t scared of anything. In fact, they are scared of something quite specific: they are mean to others because they are scared that someone will be mean to them. 

The bully is attacking someone else with the thing they are afraid of being bullied for themselves — maybe not by anyone at school, but by someone important in their life: a parent or an older brother or sister, maybe. You can’t see the other parts of the bully’s life. Sadly, they have probably been humiliated and harshly criticised for exactly the same kind of things they are mean to others about. The bully is being really horrible. But it’s sad for them. 

Someone becomes a bully because they have been bullied. They responded to it by thinking, ‘If I become a bully I won’t be bullied.’ If you have ever felt tempted to bully someone — and nearly everyone has at some point — try to remember how you felt at the time. Why did you want to be mean to that person? What was it about them? In what way might you once have been like them? Who wasn’t very nice to you?

1. What kind of bully is the text referring to?

1. Verbal bully - the bully says mean things.

2. What is the bully attacking?

1. They are attacking someone else with the thing they are afraid of being bullied for themselves.

3. Why is it sad for them?

1. They have been humiliated and harshly criticised for exactly the same kind of things they are mean to others about.

4. What is the main reason someone becomes a bully?

1. Because they have been bullied before.

Eye Dissection | Physics

Aim: To Dissect a cows eye and look at the different parts of the eye.

Equipment:

1. A cows eye
2. Scissors
3. Tweezers
4. Rubber Gloves

Before Dissection

Method:

1. Set up a treat with newspaper on the desk, the tray on top and the scissors and tweezers in the tray.
2. Put on a rubber glove.
3. Start to remove the excess fat and meat from around the eyeball before dissecting it.
4. Puncture a hole in the cornea where the cornea and the sclera meet.
5. Cut around the cornea so that the vitreous fluid leaks out of the eye onto the tray.
6. Once the cornea has been totally removed you will be able to remove the lens from the iris.
7. Cut the eye un half so that the inside is totally exposed. Once this has been done you will be able to access the retina at the back of the eye.
8. You should now have placed the retina, lens, cornea and iris on a piece of paper.
9. The dissection is not completed and all the parts of the eye need to be wrapped up and trashed. The trays and utensils that were needed must be rinsed and the rubber gloves thrown out.

Summary:

The cow's eye has exactly the same parts as the human eye except for its ability to see better in the dark.

After Dissection

The Eye | Physics

Yesterday, we looked at the eye and writing the purpose of that part of the eye. 

Part of eye	Purpose
Retina	The retina is located at the back of the eye, and when light hits the retina, it activates two types of cells, rods and cones. Rods identify light and dark and support images under dark and dim conditions. Cones are responsible for colour vision - red, green and blue, which detects a range of wavelengths, not the three specific colours.
Pupil	The size of the pupil determined by the iris, as the pupil gets bigger, as more light enters the eye.
Cornea	Light goes through the cornea, the transparent outer covering of the eye. Because the eyeball is round, the cornea acts as a lens, it bends or refracts light.
Optic Nerve	Where it sends light to the brain.
Iris	Light travels through the cornea and aqueous humour (helps to shape the cornea and provides nourishment to the eye.
Lens	Allows the eye to focus on either near and distant objects.
Vitreous humour	Is a clear watery gel that helps the eye and allows for this distance.

Privacy Act 1993

What is the Privacy Act?

• The Privacy Act 1993 outlines 12 principles which organisations must follow when collecting and using personal information. These principles cover: collection of personal information (principles 1-4) storage and security of personal information (principle 5) requests for access to and correction of personal information (principles 6 and 7, plus parts 4 and 5 of the Act) accuracy of personal information (principle 8) retention of personal information (principle 9) use and disclosure of personal information (principles 10 and 11), and using unique identifiers (principle 12).

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    Privacy ActURL

    12 Principles of the Privacy act.

  • Every New Zealander is protected by this Act and everyone needs to comply with it - from individuals to clubs, businesses and government departments.  It is therefore essential that computer users are aware of this Act and the implications for a breach.  People's right to privacy is so important that companies must appoint a Privacy Officer, someone who takes responsibility with how the company handles personal information. Click on the link below for a useful guide from the Office of the Privacy Commissioner to help businesses understand their obligations under the Privacy Act:

    http://privacy.org.nz/assets/Files/Brochures-and-pamphlets-and-pubs/76915617.pdf

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  • Why Privacy matters

    People have a right to privacy and they care about how their personal information is used. Computers have made it easier to collect information about individuals, it is only right to respect and store this information securely. Consequences of not doing so are not only unprofessional, they could lead to serious reputational risk and financial loss:

  • Stuff NewsURL

    Vodafone privacy breach 'serious'

  • Stuff NewsURL

    Investigation after child abuse records sent to the wrong person.

  • Stuff NewsURL

    
    

    Privacy breach inexcusable - Greens.

  • Radio NZ NewsURL

    Ministry investigates WINZ privacy breach.

  • Stuff NewsURL

    Rude cake baker gets record $168K in damages.

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  • Even if you are collecting information legally and are completely transparent about what you intend to use this information for, questions about whether or not it is ethical to do so may still persist.  Take the recent examples of the Labour Party using a Facebook "baby number" widget, and the National Party inviting people via Facebook and Twitter to wish Prime Minister John Key a happy birthday.  This may seem like harmless fun but the real intent was to gather people's email addresses and add them to the party's mailing list.  You could argue that this is just the new way of communication, but is it an ethical way to collect this information?

  • Radio NZ NewsURL

    Online gimmicks are being used by political parties to turbo-boost their email lists.

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    What can you do if you accidentally breach someone's privacy?

    It is very easy for someone to accidentally (or perhaps intentionally...)  leak personal information.  Information stored on a computer can easily be copied and sent to the wrong person, for example.  Organisations must take all precautions to prevent misuse of private information, but if a data breach does occur it is important to minimize any harm it may cause.  The Office of the Privacy Commissioner has published a useful resource offering guidance on what to do when this happens:

  • Protecting your Privacy

    There is no denying computers have changed the way we live our lives, we can communicate in real-time around the world using Skype and E-mail, buy and sell online, bank online, find information and generally participate in a digital society.  But we also need to be aware of some of the risks which come with this convenience and make sure we do what we can to protect ourselves, our families and our businesses. The following site offers some handy privacy tips on what we can do to keep safe in an online world.

  • Keeping Safe OnlineURL

    Tips from the Office of the Privacy Commission on keeping safe online

  • It is also important that we are aware of what we are agreeing to when we download apps and have to tick "yes, I have read the terms and conditions".  Personal information is often captured and monetized by companies.  Take a look at this simplified version of the terms and conditions you agree to when signing up for Instagram, a social networking app made for sharing photos and videos from a smartphone:

  • Instagram's Privacy Policy rewritten so kids can understand itURL

    Gizmodo article by Rae Johnston

  • What can companies do to make sure they comply with the Privacy Act?

    There are some simple steps companies can take to make sure they are doing what they can to comply with the Privacy Act.

    1. Align company policy with Privacy Act obligations - make sure you have a policy in place which tells employees how information can be collected and used, who it can be shared with, how this information is stored, how it is checked for accuracy and how long it is retained for.
    2. Make sure all employees are aware of their privacy obligations and trained to ensure they comply.  Employees need to feel comfortable about disclosing any breach as soon as possible so that it can be dealt with effectively.  Include in your training the importance of checking emails before sending them, putting strong passwords on all devices, being careful with information at social gatherings and being professional when communicating internally.
    3. Have a plan in place should an information breach occur - think about how will the breach be investigated, communicated and responded to.

     

  • Tips to help with Privacy Act compliance
  • What are the penalties for Privacy Act Infringement?

    The Privacy Act is a principle-based system, so the Privacy Commissioner cannot prosecute or fine an agency directly for not adhering to the privacy principles.  The only exception to this is personal information held by a public sector agency.

    If someone does think their privacy has been breached they need to first speak to the privacy officer of the organization concerned, a further complaint can be made to the Office of the Privacy Commissioner if it is felt there was not a satisfactory response.  An action could then be taken on that person's behalf through the Human Rights Commission which can award damages of up to $200,000.

Labour Day

Today is Labour Day, and it is a holiday to celebrate the achievements of workers. Labour Day starts off with the eight-hour movement. To know more about Labour Day and its history, read more below.

Labour Day is a public holiday celebrated on the fourth Monday of October. It began back to the eight-hour movement that occurred in the newly founded Wellington colony in 1840, mainly because of carpenter Samuel Parnell's unwillingness to work more than eight hours a day. Labour Day was first celebrated on 28 October 1980, when thousands of trade union members and supporters attended parades in the main centres. Government employees were given a day off to attend the parades and many businesses closed for at least part of the day.

Samuel Parnell
Credit: https://nzhistory.govt.nz/politics/labour-day

On 28 October 1950, New Zealand celebrated the 50th anniversary of the eight-hour day with a parade. This event was then celebrated in late October as either Labour Day or Eight-Hour Demonstration Day. In 1899, the government ordered that the day would be a public holiday from 1900. The day was celebrated on different days in different regions of the country. This led to ship owners complaining that seamen were taking excessive holidays by having one Labour Day on one port then another in their next port. In 1910, the government specified that the holiday would be observed on the same day throughout the country.

References:

• https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Labour_Day#New_Zealand

• https://nzhistory.govt.nz/politics/labour-day

What's Budgeting? | Business Studies

Adding up the monthly bills
Budgeting, Tacojim Via Getty Images
Credit: https://www.huffpost.com/entry/how-to-budget-template_l_5d8bed10e4b0019647a2b2cd

Last week for Business Studies, we learnt about Budgeting and what it is. After learning some basics about budgeting, we had to complete a task which included words like budget, surplus, deficit, spend, savings, wants, needs, income, finance, price, fees, necessity and exchange.

There were two tasks to choose from, create a budgeting crossword and make a Budgeting Language’ dictionary. I chose to create a budgeting crossword where the clues are above the definitions/explanation of the budgeting words.

Link to crossword

Reflection:

In my opinion, I think I did well in making the crossword. This crossword can help people who don't know much about budgeting know the words and its meaning. In this crossword, I also learnt most of the words listed and their meaning too.

References:

• Maths Is Fun - Dictionary | Budget

• Google Dictionary | Spend

• Google Dictionary | Wants

• Google Dictionary | Needs

• Google Dictionary | Income

• CallTutors | Finance

• Google Definition | Price 

• Macmillan Dictionary | Fee

• Money Crashers | Necessity 

• Merriam Webster | Exchange

Have you created a crossword before? If you have, comment below and share it with me!